What is a design pattern and most commonly used design pattern?

What is a Design pattern?

A design pattern is a general, reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design. It's a description or template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations. Design patterns aren't specific to a particular programming language or technology; instead, they provide a common language and set of concepts that developers can use to communicate about their designs.

Design patterns help developers save time and effort by providing proven development paradigms. They're like well-tested recipes that can be applied to various scenarios, ensuring that software is structured in a way that's maintainable, scalable, and adaptable to change.

There are several types of design patterns, including:

Creational Patterns: These patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, trying to create objects in a manner suitable to the situation. Examples include Singleton, Factory, Builder, and Prototype patterns.
Structural Patterns: These patterns deal with object composition, creating relationships between objects to form larger structures. Examples include Adapter, Decorator, Facade, and Composite patterns.
Behavioral Patterns:
These patterns focus on communication between objects, how they operate together, and how they distribute responsibility. Examples include Observer, Strategy, State, and Command patterns.


Design patterns serve as a common vocabulary for developers to discuss the solutions they're implementing. They make it easier to understand, communicate, and collaborate on complex software designs.

The most commonly used design pattern

Design patterns are crucial in software development for efficient problem-solving. Here are some widely used patterns and resources to master them:
Singleton Pattern: Ensures only one instance of a class exists. Useful for managing global state.
Factory Pattern: Simplifies object creation, providing an interface for creating objects.
Observer Pattern: Allows a subject to notify its observers about changes.
Decorator Pattern: Dynamically adds new functionality to an object.
Module Pattern: Encapsulates private members and exposes a public API.
Prototype Pattern: Creates new objects based on existing ones.
Adapter Pattern: Allows the interface of an existing class to be used as another interface.
Strategy Pattern: Defines a family of algorithms and makes them interchangeable.
Command Pattern: Encapsulates a request as an object, allowing for parameterization and queuing.